Diseases of Mushrooms
I. Fungal diseases:
a. Dry Bubble disease: Caused by a fungus called Verticillum. Hence it’s also called Verticillum disease
Symptoms: whitish mycelia develop which then turn to yellowish colored. Later become grey. The infected mushroom becomes dry and show cracks
Control:
Physical: sterilization of culture
Biological : a fungus called Trichoderma is used against verticillum.
Chemical: A chemical agent called Zineb is used against this disease.
b. Wet Bubble disease:
Also called white mold.
Pathogen: Mycogone perniciosa
Symptoms:
Stipes become thickened and gills become detached from the fruiting body. All infected parts exude water drops on the surface. So its called wet bubble.
Control:
Chemical: Benomyl spray is used to control wet bubble.
Biological: a bacteria called Acremonium strictum is used as against this disease
Physical: Pasteurisation and sterilization.
c. Cob web disease:
Also called Dactylium disease
Pathogen:Cladobotrynum dendroides or dactylium dendroides
Symptoms:
Cob web appears first as small patches of grey white mycelium. In dense cases of attack a dense whiote mold develops which looks like cob web.
Control:
Physical: sterilization and Pasteurisation
Biological: leaf extracts of Ricinus (in Malayalam AAVANAKK, plz don’t write this in answer sheet!!! Aavanakk ennonnum answer sheetil ezhutharuthu.) is used
Chemical:Terraclor is used against cob web disease.
d. Green mold disease:
Pathogen: Trichoderma ; hence disease is also called Trichoderma spot.
Symptoms: Green mycelia appear on infected parts.
Control:
Chemical: Zineb is used.
II. Bacterial diseases:
a. Bacterial blotch disease:
Pathogen: Pseudomonas fluorescens
Brown spots appear on Infected area.
Control: Streptomycin is used against this disease
b. Yellow blotch:
Pathogen: Pseudomonas agarici
Symptom: Yellow-orange patches appear at infected area.
Control:Oxytetracycline is used to control the disease.
